PostgreSQL Vacuum Analyze: Improve Query Performance in 3 Steps

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PostgreSQL’s VACUUM command is a crucial maintenance operation designed to reclaim space occupied by “dead tuples” in database tables. Dead tuples are created from updating or deleting rows, leading to potential database bloat and performance degradation over time. Postgres VACUUM process marks the space these tuples occupy as available for reuse, ensuring efficient space utilization … Read more

PostgreSQL Mastery: Transform BYTEA to String Like a Pro

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PostgreSQL, a robust and versatile database management system, plays a pivotal role in handling diverse data types. Among these, BYTEA and String data types are particularly significant for developers and database administrators. This article delves into the nuances of converting BYTEA to String, a common yet critical operation in PostgreSQL. We will explore the definitions, … Read more

Postgres GROUP BY Month, Year, Day by Example

postgres group by month

The PostgreSQL GROUP BY clause is an essential tool that every database user needs to understand. We’ll dive into examples of how to use it, including GROUP BY month, day, and year. Data types play a crucial role in determining how data is grouped. The clause groups values into distinct sets where each set contains … Read more

Postgres vs SQLite: Which Is Best For Your Use-Case?

Postgres vs sqllite

When choosing a database system, PostgreSQL (Postgres) and SQLite are two common options. This article compares their features, strengths, and best use cases. We’ll cover: By the end, you’ll understand both systems and feel confident picking the right one. What Is SQLite? SQLite is a lightweight relational database management system (RDBMS) built as a library. … Read more

Understanding the Postgres ISNULL and ISNOTNULL Conditions

postgres isnull

We’ll discuss the Postgres ISNULL (IS NULL) condition in this article. We’ll explain what this function does and show examples of how to use it. This operator is more than just a tool for identifying gaps in data. It’s a versatile function used in various contexts and scenarios, allowing for more comprehensive data exploration and … Read more

Install PostgreSQL on AWS EC2 Linux: A Step-by-Step Guide

install postgresql on aws ec2 linux

Understanding how to effectively install PostgreSQL on AWS EC2 Linux is a critical skill for database management in the cloud. AWS EC2 provides secure, resizable compute capacity, while PostgreSQL offers an advanced open-source database system. Mastering the installation process is the first step towards leveraging these powerful tools. Pre-requisites for Installing PostgreSQL on AWS EC2 … Read more

PostgreSQL High CPU Usage: Causes and Solutions

postgresql high cpu usage

Part I: Understanding PostgreSQL and CPU Usage Introduction to PostgreSQL and High CPU Usage PostgreSQL, an open-source relational database system, is known for its robustness and advanced features. Yet, just like any other technology, it can encounter issues such as high CPU usage. High CPU usage occurs when processes and applications use more CPU power … Read more

Complete Guide to PostgreSQL REINDEX with Examples

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PostgreSQL is a popular open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) known for its robustness and advanced features. One of these features is its ability to manage and manipulate indexes, which significantly contribute to database performance optimization. Database indexing, just like the index of a book, provides swift access to specific information in a database without … Read more

PostgreSQL Delete All Tables: A Guide with Examples

postgresql delete all tables

Managing databases often requires cleaning up tables, whether for testing, development, or maintenance purposes. If you’re using PostgreSQL and looking for efficient ways to delete all tables in a database, you’re in the right place. This guide explores the most effective methods to delete all tables in PostgreSQL, complete with examples to simplify your learning … Read more

How to Grant Superuser Privileges in PostgreSQL with Examples

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PostgreSQL is a powerful and flexible relational database management system (RDBMS) that’s popular with developers and database administrators. It’s known for features like its advanced role management system, scalability, and extensibility. A prominent feature of PostgreSQL is its ability to manage user roles and permissions with fine-grained precision. One of these roles, the superuser, is … Read more

Mastering PostgreSQL User Management: Users, Roles, and Privileges

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Understanding PostgreSQL user management is essential for maintaining the security and proper function of your databases. This comprehensive guide aims to take you through the essentials of users, roles, and privileges in PostgreSQL, coupled with practical examples and a real-world production use case. Whether you’re a PostgreSQL beginner or a database professional, mastering these skills … Read more

PostgreSQL Data Types: Complete Guide with Examples

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When working with any relational database management system (RDBMS), understanding data types is crucial. It ensures the correct representation of data and optimizes the system’s performance. PostgreSQL, a powerful, open-source RDBMS, provides a comprehensive suite of data types. This article will deep dive into PostgreSQL’s data types, explain their usage, compare similar ones, and demonstrate … Read more

Installing PgAdmin 4 on Ubuntu: A Step-by-Step Guide

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If you’re working with PostgreSQL, pgAdmin is an essential tool to make your database management tasks way easier. It’s a user-friendly, web-based interface that lets you handle everything from simple queries to complex database operations. If you’re running Ubuntu, you’re in luck—installing pgAdmin on Ubuntu is straightforward, and you’ll have it up and running in … Read more

Installing PgAdmin 4 on Mac OS with brew: A Comprehensive Guide

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PgAdmin is a powerful open-source administration and management tool for PostgreSQL databases. It provides a feature-rich and user-friendly interface to interact with PostgreSQL, allowing users to create, modify, and manage databases, tables, queries, and more. In this article, we will walk you through the step-by-step process of installing and configuring PgAdmin 4 on Mac using … Read more

PostgreSQL Pgpool-II CentOS: Installation Guide

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Pgpool-II is a robust middleware solution specifically created to optimize the performance, scalability, and high availability of PostgreSQL databases. With its advanced features like connection pooling, load balancing, and replication, Pgpool-II becomes an invaluable asset for effectively managing PostgreSQL deployments. In this comprehensive installation guide, we will guide you through a detailed step-by-step process to … Read more

Postgres Pgpool-II Ubuntu: Step-by-Step Configuration

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Pgpool-II is a middleware solution designed to enhance the performance, scalability, and high availability of PostgreSQL databases. It provides connection pooling, load balancing, and replication capabilities, making it a valuable tool for managing PostgreSQL deployments. In this step-by-step guide, we will walk you through the detailed process of installing and configuring Pgpool-II on Ubuntu Linux. … Read more

A Deep Dive into Pgpool-II for PostgreSQL Load Balancing

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PostgreSQL, a robust and flexible open-source relational database system, often requires load balancing to efficiently handle increased database traffic. One of the premier solutions for PostgreSQL load balancing is Pgpool-II, a renowned middleware tool that offers connection pooling, replication, and load balancing features. This article will provide an in-depth exploration of Pgpool-II and its various … Read more

PostgreSQL Load Balancing: 4 Options Explained

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In the data-centric era we live in, managing your PostgreSQL database efficiently and ensuring optimal performance can be a challenging task. This is where PostgreSQL load balancing comes into play, enabling a streamlined, effective distribution of your database load. What is PostgreSQL Database Load Balancing? PostgreSQL Database Load Balancing refers to the practice of distributing … Read more

PostgreSQL High Availability: Active/Active Replication Explained

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Active/active replication in PostgreSQL enhances both high availability and load balancing. This advanced setup uses the Bi-Directional Replication (BDR) plugin to synchronize multiple database servers. Here’s how to set it up. Setting Up Active/Active Replication Step 1: Prepare the Servers Ensure you have at least two servers with PostgreSQL installed. Both servers must run the … Read more

PostgreSQL By Example: Show Tables with PSQL

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When you’re working with PostgreSQL, one of the first things you’ll need to know is how to view the tables in your database. Tables are where your data lives, so understanding how to list them is pretty important. Whether you’re using the command line or a tool like pgAdmin, PostgreSQL gives you several ways to … Read more

PostgreSQL Write Ahead Log (WAL) Explained

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Write Ahead Logging (WAL) is a pivotal component of PostgreSQL. The principle of WAL is straightforward yet profound: every action that modifies the database content is recorded into a log before it’s applied to the database. This action-first, record-later methodology improves the durability and consistency of the database by providing an audit trail, which becomes … Read more

PostgreSQL:Physical vs Logical Replication (w/ TL;DR)

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Replication—the act of duplicating data across multiple database servers— is a cornerstone feature in PostgreSQL. It facilitates high availability, enhances read scalability, and provides a means for data distribution. PostgreSQL mainly supports two replication types: physical and logical replication. Let’s dive deeper into the world of PostgreSQL replication and unravel the difference between these replication … Read more

How to Enable PostgreSQL Performance Logging

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Performance monitoring and optimization are crucial aspects of managing a PostgreSQL database effectively. One powerful tool in your arsenal is performance logging, which allows you to collect detailed information about the database’s internal processes and query execution. In this blog post, we will explore the steps to enable performance logging for PostgreSQL, providing you with … Read more

How to Start PostgreSQL Server on Ubuntu [Solved]

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PostgreSQL is a rock-solid, open-source database system that’s a favorite among developers. If you’re working on Ubuntu, knowing how to start and manage the PostgreSQL server is a must for keeping your projects on track. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from starting the server to troubleshooting common issues. By … Read more

How to Enable Replication for PostgreSQL on Ubuntu

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PostgreSQL replication is a method of copying and maintaining database objects, such as schemas and tables, in multiple database systems distributed across different locations. This article will guide you through the steps to set up and enable data replication for PostgreSQL on Ubuntu. Types of PostgreSQL Data Replication PostgreSQL data replication refers to the process … Read more